When the tantalizing concept of an “information superhighway” first appeared in 1993, it was held out as rivaling the railroads and airlines in revolutionizing and connecting the world. In many ways, it has, creating previously unimaginable opportunities for journalists to have their work reach a global audience. But a report published Feb. 14 by the International Center for Journalists shows in graphic terms that the internet also created dark alleys of hate, misogyny and violence aimed at female journalists.

The ICFJ report details two case studies involving online threats against Rana Ayyub, a Post Opinions contributor and courageous investigative journalist in India, and Ghada Oueiss, a no-nonsense Al Jazeera Arabic anchor. The studies, carried out by the center’s research team in cooperation with computer scientists at the University of Sheffield, examined about 13 million tweets involving Ms. Ayyub that were sent between Dec. 12, 2019, and March 1, 2022, and more than 150,000 tweets involving Ms. Oueiss sent between Sept. 3, 2021, and March 1, 2022, as well as other disturbing evidence.

Ms. Ayyub is known for her undercover investigation of the Gujarat riots of 2002, in which some 800 Muslims were killed, and extrajudicial killings implicating the current Indian prime minister, Narendra Modi, who was then chief minister of Gujarat, and his associates. Today, “an army of trolls” from Mr. Modi’s ruling Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party “threaten Ayyub at scale; on a daily basis,” the report says. Her sharp criticism of the BJP and Hindu nationalism trigger “viral smear campaigns” that target her “at a deeply personal level,” threatening death and rape; they are “deeply misogynistic and redolent of religious bigotry.” The onslaught creates a major risk of “morphing into physical violence,” the report says, and is intended to “undercut public trust in her journalism.”

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Twitter “is the main vector” for the attacks, and the platform “has utterly failed to protect the journalist,” the report says. The online strafing comes “at a very high speed, sometimes within seconds of her posting a tweet” and is “highly unusual,” possibly signaling “coordinated campaigns of abuse.” Twitter did not answer our request for an explanation of why the platform allows this to happen.

Ms. Oueiss, too, is subject to this relentless abuse for her hard-hitting reporting. “Over one third of the clear personal abuse we detected being directed at Oueiss on Twitter over a six-month period was misogynistic, sexist or sexually explicit,” the report says. “She lives in fear of ending up like her brutally murdered colleague Jamal Khashoggi,” also a Post contributor, who received “online threats prior to his assassination in 2018,” the report says. Forty-seven percent “of the abuse hurled at Oueiss in our dataset is designed to discredit her professionally,” which the authors said was the highest in seven case studies they have made of gender-based online violence.

The ICFJ report was published in coordination with “Story Killers,” a reporting project led by the Paris-based journalism nonprofit Forbidden Stories, which seeks to complete the work of journalists who have been killed. The Post is a participant in the project.

Exposing these smear campaigns to public view is just a first step. Next, Twitter and other platforms should redouble their efforts to filter out and block the flood of abuse aimed at these fine journalists. To recover at least some of the high-road aspirations of the early internet age, the roving crowd of trolls and haters should be identified and banished.

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